GCSE OCR GCSE (9-1) Art and Design
Adventures in Landscape and Seascape
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Introduction
Overview
Delivery guides are designed to represent a body of knowledge about teaching a particular topic and contain:
- Content: A clear outline of the content covered by the delivery guide;
- Thinking Conceptually: Expert guidance on the key concepts involved, common difficulties students may have, approaches to teaching that can help students understand these concepts and how this topic links conceptually to other areas of the subject;
- Thinking Contextually: A range of suggested teaching activities using a variety of themes so that different activities can be selected which best suit particular classes, learning styles or teaching approaches.
Curriculum Content
Overview
Learners respond to the contrasting themes of landscape and seascape creating a range of responses that demonstrate their understanding of visual language, through investigations of sources, experimentation in materials and techniques concluding in a personal realisation of intentions.
The creative journey through to the realisation of the intentions should always show even coverage of work created for each assessment objective. The most appropriate approach to ensure the requirements for each assessment objective are met would be to begin with a series of lessons that introduce learners to the theme and possible routes through the creative journey enabling learners to think independently and direct their own learning through the creative journey that is Fine Art.
Learners will demonstrate skills through the development of their ideas following investigations and analysis of a range of contextual sources.
Learners will be confident to refine their ideas as the work progresses through the creative journey. They will be able to demonstrate recording, selecting, editing and presenting Fine Art outcomes throughout the work created.
Learners will demonstrate their ideas, observations, insights and judgements, through appropriate selection of media, materials, techniques and processes following on what they understand from their investigations for Assessment Objective 1.
Learners will, as appropriate to the investigations for Assessment Objective 1, use a range of drawing skills that provide developed links to their understanding of the contextual links.
Their response should provide evidence of sustained application of the above through a personal realisation.
Thinking Conceptually
Overview
General approaches:
Throughout the History of Art, our relationship to both landscape and seascape has challenged artists, craftspeople and designers alike. From Chinese imaginary landscape ink paintings, 15th century Western European settings for figures in paintings, 17th century Dutch painting, the romanticism of Turner seascapes, botanical illustrations and the abstraction of the St Ives group, landscape and seascape are etched in our creative psyche.
This part of the delivery guide provides scope for developing learners communication of visual, sensory and tactile language, using the formal elements associated with the theme of landscape and seascape. It should provide challenge for learners to demonstrate their knowledge and understanding of the genre, through a range of practical Fine Art activities closely associated with the knowledge and understanding established by investigating a range of landscape and seascape Art.
Learners should be familiar with the genre as a fundamental area of study in Art and the differences in approach to the subject between Western and Non-Western movements. Learners will develop skills in using a suitable and appropriate range of media, materials, techniques and processes, with drawing skills at the forefront of their recording practice.
Common misconceptions or difficulties students may have:
Learners are required to develop sophisticated drawing skills and this often poses challenges in the breadth and depth of ability that learners have acquired in earlier phases of Art education. Traditional observational drawing can sometimes offer the rigour and challenge required to establish confident recording of ideas and insights, but more often than not, this approach limits the interest of learners. A range of aids can be used to support leaners in recording through drawing in a confident ability, to enable them to experience success prior to the challenge of un-aided recording, particularly in relation to the genre of landscape and seascape. Photographic resources can be transposed using an enlargement grid. Similarly, learners can collect items from a local landscape, to arrange a landscape themed still life which can then be photographed to provide differentiated approaches to the recording, looking closely a scale, detail of surface textures, composition and the use of light to create shadow through the photography.
The use of projection of the photographs through various means would allow learners to develop skills and avoid the frustrations of being unable to record accurately, the formal elements of line, form, scale and shape. Differentiated outline drawings, placed on an OHT or displayed from a data projector onto a whiteboard can then be drawn. These approaches can be motivating for learners providing a range of starting points, on a variety of different scales, providing opportunities for success and challenging the more able drawers.
Conceptual links to other areas of the specification – useful ways to approach this topic to set students up for topics later in the course:
The drawing skills developed in this section of the delivery guide will be used in a number of other topics in the specification and are transferrable across the areas of studies including Installation, Lens and light-based media, Mixed-Media, Land Art, printing, painting and sculpture. Recording through drawing, in the form of mark-making, sketching or linear representation for different needs and purposes are fundamental and certainly prerequisite in providing a personal response and showing understanding of the formal elements.
Landscape/seascape in Context
Learners access a range of landscape/seascape resources, using a variety of artistic approaches from Western and Non-Western, with contemporary and historical mix.
Learners are introduced to the landscape/seascape genre through access to a range of work, investigation via the internet or as a prepared presentation including a range of Art on the theme of landscape/seascape.
Leaners make written notes and annotate examples provided in presentation, documenting their personal responses to the images used for research. Annotation can be recorded in sketchbooks, research sheet or digital sketchbook.
Learners demonstrate perceptive investigation of the landscape/seascape Art provided in the presentation, by selecting work that they can respond to on an individual basis and complete further in-depth analysis of the Art demonstrating critical understanding. Presentation of this work can be through artist research pages in the sketchbook or on sheets or boards, which would include the practical Art transposition, annotation and printed examples of the Art in order to make further reference as the work progresses. Another approach would be to create a digital slide presentation, displaying examples of Western and Non-Western, with contemporary and historical landscape/seascape Art, with type annotation where leaners can record their thoughts and document possible developmental ideas.
Realising intentions and creating the conclusion
Thinking Contextually
Overview
Approaches to teaching the content:
Presentation of landscape/seascape resources, using a variety of artistic approaches with contemporary and historical mix. Albrecht Durer, Kuo His, Paul Cezanne, Claude Monet, Stanhope Forbes, Kurt Jackson, Peter Lanyon, Julian Opie.
Transcription of featured artists work to include experimentation and exploration of materials and techniques that enable leaners to demonstrate knowledge and understanding through a practical application. Experimental work should give consideration and identify some or all formal elements and ultimately enable leaners to reflect on the development of their ideas and their work as a means of becoming independent in their selection and exploration of ideas, processes, media, materials and techniques.
Learners develop awareness of purpose, intentions and critical understanding of sources appropriate to the realisation of their own intentions, through investigations and analysis of landscape/seascape sources. Knowledge and understanding can be evidenced through practical application, written personal analytical annotation of sources and contextual transcription of images. Learners could evidence knowledge and understanding through the creation of a series of artist research pages in a sketchbook or presented on sheets. Skills and the coverage of formal elements can also be evidenced within the artist research pages, which would also give some coverage of Assessment Objective 3. An alternative to the more traditional sketchbook approach could be the creation of a PowerPoint presentation, evidencing personal analysis of sources to be used in the development of the idea.
Using appropriate visual language, (acquired from knowledge and understanding discovered during the early phase of idea development), leaners should then record their ideas, observations, insights and independent judgements relevant to their personal intentions and the direction of their creative journey. Leaners could record appropriate landscape/seascape imagery, using a variety of media and techniques from a range of sources. (Whilst the specification does not differentiate between primary and secondary sources, photography could be used to record landscape/seascape and drawing then refined from the photographic studies as a means of demonstrating skills in the various areas of study for Fine Art.)
The conclusion of the creative journey through landscape/seascape can be evidenced throughout the presentation of the body of work, (for example; PowerPoint presentation for AO1, sketchbooks including photography and drawing for AO3, large scale artist transcriptions for AO1 and AO2, sheets demonstrating experimentations in media and techniques for AO3 and possible final outcome for AO4). A combined final outcome should give evidence of the personal intentions of learners, demonstrating a sustained application of the creative process.
Landscape/seascape in Context
Learners access a range of landscape/seascape resources, using a variety of artistic approaches from Western and Non-Western, with contemporary and historical mix.
Learners are introduced to the landscape/seascape genre through access to a range of work, investigation via the internet or as a prepared presentation including a range of Art on the theme of landscape/seascape.
Leaners make written notes and annotate examples provided in presentation, documenting their personal responses to the images used for research. Annotation can be recorded in sketchbooks, research sheet or digital sketchbook.
Learners demonstrate perceptive investigation of the landscape/seascape Art provided in the presentation, by selecting work that they can respond to on an individual basis and complete further in-depth analysis of the Art demonstrating critical understanding. Presentation of this work can be through artist research pages in the sketchbook or on sheets or boards, which would include the practical Art transposition, annotation and printed examples of the Art in order to make further reference as the work progresses. Another approach would be to create a digital slide presentation, displaying examples of Western and Non-Western, with contemporary and historical landscape/seascape Art, with type annotation where leaners can record their thoughts and document possible developmental ideas.
Developing skills through drawing
Learners explore a range of drawing techniques, (differentiated as described earlier), that provide insights into landscape/seascape Art genre, considering scale, space and composition.
Drawing should demonstrate all formal elements; line, tone, texture, shape and form.
Learners are encouraged to create a range of different types of recording through drawing and photography. Independent recording, collecting site specific objects from a local landscape/seascape in order to create a still life set up within learning environment. Prior to learning environment activities, learners collect a range of site specific recordings, including photography of local landscape/seascape giving consideration to abstract textural surfaces, vistas and wide depth of field compositions. This can be set as an independent task or undertaken during a field trip. Learners collect tree bark, pebbles, driftwood, leaves, seaweed, rocks, discarded objects, flowers, textural rubbings, found objects in order to create a centre-based still life set up and other objects and materials that could be used to create a mixed-media collage as the work progresses.
Learners create a range of drawings from the still life set up, considering all formal elements. Consideration should be given to the challenge of size and scale. Using a range of media, learners should be encouraged to create drawings that demonstrate experimentation and risk-taking. Drawing should start with the use of pencil, to complete recordings that demonstrate a ‘tight’ and controlled approach for those candidates who work this way. More expressive and gestural drawings can be completed using graphite sticks, charcoal and willow/Indian ink sticks for larger compositions. Learners should be encouraged to give consideration to the types of papers that best suit their drawing approach.
Documenting the still life set up through photography should be encouraged as a means recording ideas. Consideration to view point, shadow, scale and textural shots should be given. The use of studio lights or table lamps positioned appropriately around the still life should be encouraged to ensure a range of light and dark tonal range is recorded. The photographs can be manipulated at a later stage as the work progresses, both physically and digitally. Photographs can be printed and photocopied to be used as collage material for further refinement and exploration of media, materials, techniques and processes. The photographs can also be digitally manipulated, (with due consideration to the use of appropriate techniques and processes), to further provide further evidence for Assessment Objective 2.
Experimenting with media, materials, techniques and processes
Leaners continue to make reference to their investigations for Assessment Objective 1, through pratical experimentation with a range of appropriate media, materials, techniques and processes.
Further recording through drawing, experimentation and photography should be manipulated by leaners to demonstrate the refinement of their ideas working towards a realisation of their intentions.
Learners challenge their ideas, founded in the investigations for Assessment Objective 1 and create a range of developments from either the still life set up or photographs, through the practical application of media, materials, techniques and process.
Create a series of photomontage images, using photocopies of the still life set up photographs. Photocopies can be torn or cut up to create a series of images that give consideration to scale and size.
Experiment with a range of collaged materials as a second layer, (positioned over the photomontage images), adding washes of appropriate colour or emulsion paint to create a ‘base’ layer.
With direct reference to investigations for Assessment Objective 1, leaners use the range of prepared ‘bases’, work into and apply mixed-media and drawing directly onto the surface.
Examples of landscape/seascape Art, investigated for assessment objective could be used as a compositional starting point or transposed directly onto the prepared bases, to evidence practical work that shows the refinement of the idea.
Using the range of work created for Developing skills through Drawing leaners select from the mixed media experiments and scan the drawings in order to manipulate and layer digitally using image editing software.
1. Scan or photograph the work completed for Developing skills through Drawing
2. Create a range of compositional ideas and examples, using layers from the following sections;
A. Examples of artists, craftspeople and designers who have worked in the landscape/seascape genre.
B. Primary photographs from local landscape.
C. Primary photographs from the still life set up.
D. Scans from the mixed-media compositions.
3. Finished images could then be printed to create a choice of compositions for their final piece.
This process can also be created without digital editing. A and D can be printed/photocopied to create hard –copy photomontage to be used to ensure a personal response, through a final composition, reflects the creative journey through the assessment objectives.
Realising intentions and creating the conclusion
Learners provide evidence of development, the refinement of their ideas and the recording of insights concluded through a personal response that realises their intentions – the final piece.
Preferred compositions from Experimenting with media, materials, techniques and processes could be used to create the final piece. If these have been created digitally they can be drawn-up to an appropriate scale using a data projector and the processes experienced in the mixed-media layering can be used to complete a final piece.
Acknowledgements
Overview
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